Lexical Summary ki: that, for, when Original Word: כִּיTransliteration: ki Phonetic Spelling: (kee) Part of Speech: Conjunction Short Definition: that, for, when Meaning: a relative conjunction Strong's Concordance forasmuch, inasmuch, whereas, assuredly, but, certainly, doubtless, A primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed -- and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-)though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet. Brown-Driver-Briggs H3588. ki כִּי conjunction that, for, when (Moabite id,: Phoenician כ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found in here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultimately akin with that, in order that, and then, enclitic, like Latin nam in quisnam?) — 1 that (ὅτι, German dass): a. prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accusative: so constantly, after verbs of seeing, as Genesis 1:10 טוֺב כִּי אֱלֹהִים וַיַּרְא and God saw that it was good, 3:6; 6:2, 5; 12:14 +? 14:14; 29:33, knowing 22:12; 24:14, telling 3:11; 12:18, repenting 6:6-7, swearing 22:16; Jeremiah 22:5, believing Exodus 4:5; Lamentations 4:12, remembering Psalm 78:35, forgetting Job 39:15; אָמַר = command (late; in early Hebrew the words said are quoted) 36:10, 24 (זְכֹר in a command) 37:20 b 1 Chronicles 21:18 (contrast 2 Samuel 24:18) etc.; כּי טוֺב it is good that ... 18:2 + (usually the infinitive with, as Genesis 2:18; see ibid.); 37:26 נַהֲרֹג כִּי מַהבֶּֿצַע what profit that we should slay (imperfect)...? Malachi 3:14 what proft שָׁמַרְנוּ כִּי that we have kept (perfect)...? Job 22:3 כִּי לְשַׁדַּי הַחֵפֶץ is it pleasure to Shaddai that...? after a pronoun, as Psalm 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, 42:5 these things will I remember...that (or how) I used to go, etc., 56:10 this I know that God is for me Job 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleonastic after an intervening clause 2 Samuel 19:7; Jeremiah 26:15 +; וְכִי ֗֗֗ כִּי Genesis 3:6; 29:12; Exodus 4:31; Joshua 2:9; 8:21; 10:1; 1 Samuel 31:7; 2 Samuel 5:12; 1 Kings 11:21; Jeremiah 40:7, 11; וְכִי ֗֗֗ לֵאמֹר Genesis 45:26; Judges 10:10. b. כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like , , and the Greek ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Genesis 21:30; 29:33 and she said, י שׁמע ׳כִּי Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Exodus 3:12 = Judges 6:16 and he said, עִמָּ֑ךְ אֶהְיֶה כִּי I will be with thee, Joshua 2:24; 1 Samuel 2:16 (see Dr) 10:19 and ye have said to him, עָלֵינוּ תָּשִׂים מֶלָךְ כִּי Thou shalt set a king over us, 2 Samuel 11:23; 1 Kings 1:13; 20:5; Ruth 1:10, compare 2:21 (but in reply to a question כִּי may = because, see below 3; and so also in sentences giving the explanation of a proper name, Genesis 26:22; 29:32 (but De surely: see below), Exodus 2:10 (compare Genesis 4:25; 41:51-52,); in מָה כִּי, introducing an expostulation, 1 Samuel 29:8; 1 Kings 11:22; 2 Kings 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed 'Why do you say this?'). c. especially after an oath י ׳חַי אָ֫נִי, חַי etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Genesis 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, אַתֶּם מְרַגְּלִים כִּי (I say) that ye are spies; but though Hebrew usage probably gave it an asseverative force, English idiom does not require it to be expressed: Numbers 14:22; 1 Samuel 20:3 as ׳י liveth, הַמָּוֶת וּבֵין בֵּינִי כְפֶשַׂע כִּי there is but a step between me and death! 26:16; 29:6; Isaiah 49:18 +; 1 Samuel 14:44 תָּמוּת מוֺת כִּי יוֺסִיף וְכֹה אֱלֹהִים כֹּהיַֿעֲשֶׂה thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! 2 Samuel 3:35; 1 Kings 2:23; Ruth 1:17 and elsewhere — Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Genesis 22:16f.; 1 Samuel 14:39 יָמוּת מוֺת כִּי (בְּנִי בְּיוֺנָתָן אִםיֶֿשְׁנוֺ) י ׳חַי כִּי 25:34; 2 Samuel 2:27 וג אָז ׳כִּי (דִּבַּרְתָּ לוּלֵא) כִּי, 3:9; 15:21 Qr 1 Kings 1:30; Jeremiah 22:24. d. כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows: (a) so especially in כִּי אַף (see אַף); הֲכִי is it that . . .? (as a neutral interrogative) 2 Samuel 9:1, (expecting a negative answer) Genesis 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Job 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Genesis 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? 2 Samuel 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (which would imply כִי הֲלֹא): read probably with the "" 1 Chronicles 11:25 הִנּוֺ be-hold, he, etc.; כִּי אִםלֹֿא Deuteronomy 32:30 were it not that .. .; כִּי אָמְנָם Job 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; כִּי אַךְ 1 Samuel 8:9; כִּי אֶפֶם Numbers 13:28 +; כִּי גַּם Ruth 2:21; כִי הֲלֹא 1 Samuel 10:1 (but see ᵐ5 Dr), 2 Samuel 13:28; כִי הִנֵּה Psalm 128:4; compare 118:10 י ׳בְּשֵׁם אֲמִיַלם כִּי in the name of ׳י (is it) that — or (I say) that — I will mow them down; Job 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, קִנּוֺ יָרִים וְכִי and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Isaiah 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? . . . הִצִּילוּ וְכִי i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew§ 354 c De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (כִּי אַף) have they, etc.! ("" 2 Kings 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to 18:35; 2 Chronicles 32:15 כִּי אַף, which however does not decide the sense of the original וְכִי). 1 Chronicles 29:14 מִי וְכִי read ומי or מי כי (b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in עַתָּה כִּי (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then . . ., Genesis 31:42; 43:10 for unless we had tarried שַׁבְנוּ עַתָּה כִּי surely then we had returned twice, Numbers 22:33 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so 1 Samuel 14:30 ᵐ5 (after לוּא), and 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Job 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere עַתָּה כִּי is simply for now, Genesis 29:32; Job 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Exodus 9:15; Numbers 22:29; Job 3:13; 6:3 +). It is dubious whether אָז כִּי has the same sense: for 2 Samuel 2:27; 19:7 the כִּי in אָז כִּי may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitation preceding (see a, c). Rare otherwise: Exodus 22:22 if thou afflict him יִצְעַק אִםצָֿעֹק כִּי 'tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Isaiah 7:9 if ye believe not ׃ תֵאֵָמנוּ לֹא כִּי indeed ye will not be established. e. there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emphasis, yea, surely, certainly (German ja — a lighter particle than these English words): see in AV RV Exodus 18:11; Numbers 23:23; 1 Samuel 17:25; 20:26; 2 Kings 23:22; Isaiah 32:13; 60:9; Jeremiah 22:22; 31:19; Hosea 6:9; 8:6; 9:12; 10:3; Amos 3:7; Psalm 76:11; 77:12 (Ew Che), Proverbs 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Ecclesiastes 4:16; 7:7, 20; Job 28:1 +; Lamentations 3:22 (ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Ew Th Öttli) the mercies of ׳י, surely they are not consumed (read probably תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Ruth 3:12 אָמְנָם כִּי yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. DeProverbs 30:1 would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood. f. that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: followed by perf., Genesis 20:9 what have I sinned against thee עָלַי הֵבֵאתָ כִּי that thou hast brought upon me? 1 Samuel 22:8; Isaiah 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? 22:16; 36:5; 52:5; Micah 4:9; Habakkuk 2:18; followed by participle Judges 14:3; 1 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? 2 Kings 5:7; Ezekiel 24:19; usually followed by imperfect Exodus 3:11 who am I אֵלֵךְ כִּי that I should go, etc.? 16:7; Judges 8:6; 9:28; 2 Kings 8:13; Isaiah 7:13; 29:16 (also perfect), Psalm 8:5 what is man תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ כִּי? Job 3:12 or why the breasts ׃ אִינָָֽק כִּי that I should suck? 6:11 אִַיַחֵל כִּי מַהכֹּֿחִי, 7:12, 17; 10:5f.; 13:25f.; 15:12f; 15:14; 16:3; 21:15 +; after a negative, Genesis 40:15 here also I have done nothing שָׂמוּ כִּי that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Psalm 44:19f. our heart has not turned backward, etc. דִכִּיתָנוּ כִּי that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Isaiah 43:22 not me hast thou called on, בִּי יָגַעְתָּ כִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hosea 1:6 (see RV), Job 41:2; Ruth 1:12 I am too old to have an husband אָמַרְתִּי כִּי that I should have said, etc. (compare Ew§ 337 a; Dr§ 39 δ). g. added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. ..., as כִּי יַעַן because that...: see below תַּחַת עֵקֶב, עַל, עַד, יַעַן,. 2. a. Of time, when, of the past כִּי וַיְהִי Genesis 6:1 (compare BuUrg. 6), 26:8; 27:1; 2 Samuel 6:13; 7:1; 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר and especially כְּ with infinitive, are more frequently); כִּי וְהָיָה (simple וְ) 1 Samuel 1:12; 17:48; Joshua 22:7; Judges 2:18; 12:5 יאמרו כי והיה and it would be, whenever (frequently) they said, Jeremiah 44:19 (participle), Hosea 11:1; Psalm 32:3 החרשׁתי כי when I was silent, Job 31:21, 26, 29; of present (usually with imperfect) as Exodus 18:16 דָּבָר לָהֶם יִהְיֶה כִּי when they have a matter, 1 Samuel 24:20; Isaiah 1:12; 30:21; Jeremiah 14:12; Zechariah 7:5-6, Malachi 1:8; Psalm 49:19 and men praise thee לָ֑ךְ תֵיטִיב כִּי when thou doest well to thyself, 102:1; 127:5 +, with perfect Ezekiel 3:19-21; 33:9; Proverbs 11:15; 23:22; especially of future, as Genesis 4:12 אֶתהָֿאֲדָמָה תַעֲבֹד כִּי when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., 24:41; 30:33; 31:49; 32:18; Exodus 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Deuteronomy 4:25; 6:20 +; in phrase (וג ׳תאֹמַר) תאֹמְרוּ וְכִי Leviticus 25:20; Deuteronomy 18:21; Isaiah 8:19; 36:7; Jeremiah 13:22; and especially in ... כִּי וְהָיָה Genesis 12:12; 46:33; Deuteronomy 6:10; 15:16; 1 Samuel 10:7; 25:30; Isaiah 8:21; 10:12 + often; with perfect 16:12; 1 Chronicles 17:11 (altered from imperfect 2 Samuel 7:12); with participle (unusual) Numbers 33:51; 34:2; Deuteronomy 11:31; 18:9. b. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם: — (mostly with imperfect) Genesis 38:16; Numbers 5:20; 10:32; Deuteronomy 6:25; 7:17; 28:2, 13; 1 Samuel 20:13; 2 Samuel 19:8; 2 Kings 4:29; 18:22; Jeremiah 38:15; Proverbs 4:8; Job 7:13 (אמרתי כי when I say), 19:28; often in laws, as Exodus 21:14, 33, 35; Exodus 21:37; 22:4; 22:5 etc., Deuteronomy 13:13; 14:24; 15:7, 12; 17:2; 18:6, 21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Exodus 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so 21:7 (כי), 21:8-11 (אם); 21:18 (כי), 21:19 (אם); 21:20 (כי), 21:21 (אם); 21:22 f; 21:28-32; Leviticus 1:2 (כי), 1:3; 1:10 (אם) 4:2-3, 13, 27, 32; 13:2ff. Numbers 30:3ff. +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Exodus 21:5 with Deuteronomy 15:16; Numbers 5:19 and 5:20. — N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emphasis: 1 Kings 8:37 וג יִהְיֶה כִּי דֶּבֶר בָאָרֶץ ׳כִּייִֿהְיֶה רָעָב, Isaiah 28:18; Micah 5:4 בְאַרְצֵנוּ כִּייָֿבאֹ אַשּׁוּר, Psalm 62:11; Ezekiel 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), 14:9, 13; 18:5, 18, 21; 33:6 (compare 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as אָדָם ֗֗֗ כִּי Leviticus 1:2; 13:2, ... כִּי נֶפֶשׁ 2:1; 4:2; 5:1, 4, 15, similarly 15:2, 16, 19, 25; 22:12-13, 14 etc., rather differently Numbers 5:20. c. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though: — (a) with imperfect Jeremiah 4:30 (3 t. in verse); 14:12; 49:16 קִנֶּ֑ךָ כַּנֶּשֶׁר כִּיתַֿגְבִּיהַּ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, 51:53; Hosea 13:15; Zechariah 8:6; Psalm 37:24; 49:19f. though in his lifetime he bless himself ... he shall come, etc., perhaps also Jeremiah 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by כִּי גַּם גַּם, Isaiah 1:5; Psalm 23:4 (compare Dr§ 143); (b) with perf. (rare) Micah 7:8 קָ֑מְתִּי נָפַלְתִּי כִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nahum 1:10 (si vera 1.), Psalm 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), 119:88 (Ew De). 3 Because, since ὅτι — a. Genesis 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., 3:17; 18:20; 17:20 the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah — because it is great ... (subject prefixed for emphasis: compare 2 N.B.) Isaiah 28:15; in answer to a question, Genesis 27:20; Exodus 1:19; 18:15; 2 Samuel 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a future action is conceived as possible (German indem) Leviticus 22:9; Deuteronomy 4:29 תדרשׁנו כי, 12:20 (see Dr), 12:25; 12:28; Deuteronomy 13:19; 14:24; 16:15; 19:6, 9 +, 1 Kings 8:35 (compare 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), 8:36 תוֺרֵם כִּי, Proverbs 4:8b. b. more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Genesis 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day וג שָׁבַת בוֺ ׳כִּי because on it he rested, etc., 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, 2:5; Genesis 2:28; 3:20; 5:24; 6:7, 12, 13; Psalm 6:3 heal me עֲצָמָ֑י נִבְהֲלוּ כִּי for my bones are vexed, 10:14; 25:16; 27:10 + very often specifically after verbs expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Isaiah 14:29; Psalm 58:11, being angry Genesis 31:35; 45:5, fearing 43:18; Psalm 49:17 etc. Iron. 1 Kings 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 t.); Proverbs 30:4; Job 38:5 תֵדָ֑ע כִּי for or since thou knowest. With subject prefixed Psalm 128:2. Repeated (with anacoluthon) Isaiah 49:19. c. the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Isaiah 3:8a Job 6:21 (ground of the comparison 6:15-20), 14:16 (For...: ground of the wishes expressed 14:13-15), 16:22 (ground of 16:20f.) 30:26 (For ...), or by pointing to a General truth which it exemplifies 5:6 (reason why complaining 5:2-5 is foolish), 15:34; 23:14; sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars which establish or exemplify it 2 Samuel 23:5a; Isaiah 1:30; 5:7; 7:8; 9:4; 10:8-11; 13:10 (development of 13:9a); 32:6 f. (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed 32:5); Job 11:16ff. (explicit of 11:15b), 18:8 ff. (justifying 18:7), 22:26 ff. (justifying 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Isaiah 2:6 (reason why invitation 2:5 is needed), 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation 5:9), 18:5; 28:8 (proof of the intoxication 28:7), 31:7 (reason for the exhortation 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Job 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the see which immediately precedes or follows, but to several, as Isaiah 7:16f. (7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare 7:15), 21:6ff. (ground of the statements 21:1-5), Job 4:5 (ground of 4:2), 14:7-12 (14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in 14:6), 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found 23:8f.), Psalm 73:21 (ground not of 73:20, but of the General train of thought 73:2); similarly Genesis 4:24; Deuteronomy 18:14; Jeremiah 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immediately after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a particular word, Isaiah 28:20 (justifying 'nought but terror' 28:19), Job 23:17 (God's hostility 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poetic orrhetorical style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a question; Isaiah 28:11 (the mockeries of 28:10 have a meaning) 'for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,' who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (28:13); = (no,) for 28:28 (see RVm), Job 22:2b no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, 31:18; 39:14 (see 39:13b), Psalm 44:24 (he cannot do this, 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Isaiah 49:25 (see the question 49:24), 66:8. d. כִּי ֗֗֗ כִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Genesis 3:19; 26:7; 43:32; 47:20; Exodus 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Isaiah 2:6 (twice in verse); 3:8 (twice in verse); 6:5a, b; 10:22f.; Job 6:3f.; 8:8-9, (twice in verse); 24:17 (twice in verse); 29:11f.; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Exodus 23:21-22, Isaiah 6:5b,c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips..., because mine eyes have seen ׳י of hosts, 15:5 (twice in verse); 15:6 (twice in verse); 15:8-9, Zephaniah 3:8f.; Job 15:25, 27; 20:19f.; 31:11f. But וְכִי ֗֗֗ כִּי also occurs, Genesis 33:11; Numbers 5:20 (if), Joshua 7:15; Judges 6:30; 1 Samuel 19:4; 22:17; 1 Kings 2:26; Isaiah 65:16 +. e. after a negative כִּי for becomes = but (German sondern): Genesis 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, שְׁמָהּ שָׂרָה כִּי for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, 24:3f.; 45:8; Exodus 1:19; 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, עליֿ ׳כי for (they are) against ׳י = but against ׳י, Deuteronomy 21:17; 1 Samuel 6:3 (אַל), 27:1 (see Dr), 1 Kings 21:17; Isaiah 10:7; 28:27; 29:23; 30:5; Psalm 44:8; 118:17 + often; so in כי לא nay, for = nay, but, as Genesis 18:15 צָחָֽקְתְּ כִּי לֹא nay, but thou didst laugh, 19:2; 42:12; Joshua 5:14; 1 Samuel 2:16 MSS ᵐ5 (see Dr), 12:12; 2 Samuel 16:18; 24:24; 1 Kings 2:30; 3:22; 11:22; Isaiah 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses. Note. — כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different explanation is tenable. Authorities especially read the Hebrew differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Isaiah 8:23 Ges Ew§ 330 b doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking Isaiah 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (explanation of טוֺב): Ezekiel 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because. — In Exodus 20:25 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it probably that כֹּי is for (Dr§ 153). Job 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc. אִםֿ כִּי (the אִם always followed by makkeph, except Genesis 15:4; Numbers 35:33; Nehemiah 2:2, where כִּיאִֿם is read by the Mass.: FrMM 241) — 1 each particle retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: a. that if Jeremiah 26:15; after an oath (כִּי not translated: see כִּי 1c) if 1 Samuel 14:39; Jeremiah 22:24, surely not (אִם 1b 2) 2 Samuel 3:35; 1 Samuel 25:34 (כִּי being resumptive of the כִּי before לוּלֵי: see כִּי 1c); Exodus 22:22 (in apodosis) indeed if . . . (see כִּי 1d). b. for if Exodus 8:17; 9:2; 10:4; Deuteronomy 11:20 +, for though Isaiah 10:22; Jeremiah 37:20; Amos 5:22, but if Jeremiah 7:5. 2 (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause — a. limiting the preceding clause, except (after a negative, or an oath, or question, the equivalent of a negative) — the most usual term for expressing this idea: followed by verb Genesis 32:27 I will not let thee go; אִםבֵּֿרַכְתָּֽנִי כִּי literally but (כִּי 3e) if thou bless me (that is, I will let thee go), i.e., subordinating the second clause to the first, 'I will not let thee go, except thou bless me;' Leviticus 22:6 he shall not eat of the holy things אִםרָֿחַץ כִּי except he have washed his flesh, Isaiah 65:6; Amos 3:7; Ruth 3:18; Lamentations 5:21f. (Ew Näg Ke Che Öttli), turn thou us unto thee, etc., unless thou have utterly rejected us, (and) art very wroth with us (= Or hast thou utterly rejected us? etc. Ew Öttli); followed by a noun, except, but, Genesis 28:17 this is nothing הָאֱ אִםבֵּֿית ׳כִּי but the house of God, 32:9 he withholds from me nothing אִםאֿוֺתָךְ כִּי except thee, Leviticus 21:2; Numbers 14:30 (after אִם), 26:65 (compare 32:12 בִּלְתִּי), Joshua 14:4; 1 Samuel 30:17, 22; 2 Samuel 12:3 אִםֿ כִּי כֹּל אֵין (so 2 Kings 4:2), 19:29; 1 Kings 17:1 (after אִם), 22:31; 2 Kings 5:15; 9:35; 13:7; Jeremiah 22:17; 44:14 +; after אַל, 2 Chronicles 23:6; followed by an adverb clause, Genesis 42:15; Numbers 35:33; 2 Samuel 3:13 (but אִם כִּי and לִפְנֵי are mutually exclusive: read probably with אִםהֵֿבֵיאתָ כִּי ᵐ5); after an interrogative Isaiah 42:19 who is blind אִםעַֿבְדִּי כִּי but my servant ? (who is blind in comparison with him ?), Deuteronomy 10:12; Micah 6:8; Ecclesiastes 5:10; 2 Chronicles 2:5. b. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic (compare אִם 1c), so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but (= a slightly strengthened כִּי), Genesis 15:4 this man shall not be thy heir; וג אִםאֲֿשֶׁר ׳כִּי but one that shall come forth from thy own bowels, he shall be thy heir (compare 1 Kings 8:19), 1Ki 32:29 thy name shall no more be called Jacob אִםיִֿשְׂרָאֵל כִּי but Israel (compare כִּי alone 17:15), 1Ki 47:18 we will not hide it from my lord, but the money . . . is all made over to, etc., Exodus 12:9 not boiled in water, but roast with fire, Deuteronomy 7:5; 12:5; 16:6; Joshua 23:8; 1 Samuel 2:15 he will not take of thee boiled flesh אִםחָֽֿי׃ כִּי but raw, 8:19 עָלֵינוּ יִהְיֶה אִםמֶֿלֶךְ כִּי לֹא nay, but a king shall be over us (compare כי alone, 10:19; 12:12), 21:5; 2 Samuel 5:6; 1 Kings 18:18; 2 Kings 10:23 (מֶּן), Isaiah 33:21; 55:10-11, 59:2; Jeremiah 3:10; 7:32; 9:23; 16:15; 20:3; Ezekiel 36:22; 44:10; Amos 8:11; Psalm 1:2; 1:4; Proverbs 23:17 (אַל) Psalm +; with the principal verb repeated (as Genesis 15:4; 1 Kings 8:19), Leviticus 21:14; Ezekiel 44:22; Numbers 10:30; 2 Kings 23:23; Jeremiah 39:12 Kt (Qr omit אִם), compare 7:23. Occasionally in colloquial language, the negative, it seems, is left to be understood: 1 Samuel 26:10 as ׳י liveth, (by no means,) אִם כִּי but ׳י shall smite him, 2 Samuel 13:33 Kt (by no means,) but Amnon alone is dead (Qr omits אִם). Followed by imperative Isaiah 65:18; Ezekiel 12:23; Jeremiah 39:12; 2 Chronicles 25:8. Sometimes also, though rarely (and not certainly), אִם כִּי appears to have the force of only even without a previous negative: Genesis 40:14 אִתְּךָ אִםזְֿכַרְתָּנִי כִּי only have (?) me in remembrance with thyself (but read perhaps אַךְ for כִּי; see Dr§ 119 δ n., the use of a bare perfect, without לוּ, or even waw consecutive, to express a wish or command is unexampled), Numbers 24:22 קָֽיִן׃ לְבָעֵר יִהְיֶה אִםֿ כִּי only, nevertheless, the Kenite shall be for extermination (compare Di), Job 42:8 (De Di) אֶשָּׂא אִםמָּֿנָיו כִּי c. after an oath אִם כִּי appears to = a strengthened כִּי (compare אִם ׃עַד אִם אִם, בִּלְתִּי 1c), introducing the fact sworn to (see כִּי 1c): 2 Kings 5:20 as ׳י liveth, אִםרַֿצְתִּי כִּי surely I will run (perfect of certitude) after him, etc., Jeremiah 51:14 (Ges Hi Gf RV) surley I will fill thee with men (namely, assailants), etc. (but Ew Ke Ch treat the particles as separate (כִּי as כִּי 1c): though I have filled thee with men —; i.e. increased thy population, — yet shall they — the assailants — lift up the shout against thee), 2 Samuel 15:21 Kt (Qr omits אִם); after an assever. particle Ruth 3:12 Kt אָנֹכִי גּוֺאֵל אִם כִּי אָמְנָם כִּי וְעַתָּה and now, yea indeed, surely I am thy kinsman (Qr omits אִם); the oath being understood, Judges 15:7 if ye do thus, אִםנִֿקַּמְתִּי כִּי surely (Ges hercle) I will avenge myself, 1 Samuel 21:6 לָנוּ עֲצֻרָה אִםאִֿשָּׁה כִּי of a truth women have been kept from us, etc., 1 Kings 20:6 surely tomorrow I will send, etc., Proverbs 23:18 (see De) surely there is a reward; perhaps also Job 42:8. כֵּן עַל כִּי forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Genesis 18:5; 19:8; 33:10; 38:26; Numbers 10:31; 14:43; Judges 6:22; 2 Samuel 18:20 Qr (rightly), Jeremiah 29:28; 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground pleonastically (Ew§ 353 a ). The original force of the phrase is traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Genesis 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart; עַבְדְּכֶם עַל עֲבַרְתֶּם כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Numbers 14:43 the Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, שַׁבְתֶּם כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even where there was no preceding statement to which כֵּן עַל therefore could be explicitly referred. כֵּן עַל אֲשֶׁר appears to be used similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר 8c) Job 34:27. |