Lexical Summary dabar: to speak Original Word: דָבַרTransliteration: dabar Phonetic Spelling: (daw-bar') Part of Speech: Verb Short Definition: to speak Meaning: to arrange, to speak, to subdue Strong's Concordance answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, A primitive root; perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue -- answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, name, promise, pronounce, rehearse, say, speak, be spokesman, subdue, talk, teach, tell, think, use (entreaties), utter, X well, X work. Brown-Driver-Briggs H1696. dabar [דָּבַר]1142 verb speak (original meaning dubious; range in order Thes is conjectural and not comprehensive enough; treiben MV does not explain Arabic or Hebrew usage, but only Aramaic A meaning go away, sustained by Arabic go away with it, would best explain the four branches of usage: — (1) Arabic depart, perish, IV. retreat, figurative retrograde, decline; passing away, death; Assyrian dabâru, Pi`el drive away, BezOrient. Diplom, Vocab., Dibbara, pest-god, Hpt. in KAT2. 500, דֶּבֶר pestilence. (2) Arabic follow behind, in time, place, or station; part behind, back, דְּבִיר hindmost chamber of temple. (3) Syriac lead, guide, cattle, sheep, government, take a wife, = Aramaic דְּבַר; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבָּר leader; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבָּרָא guidance; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבְרָא, Hebrew דֹּבֶר; Syriac , Aramaic מַדְבְּרָא, Hebrew מִדְבָּר pasture, wilderness; Arabic , Syriac , Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָא, Hebrew דְּבוֺרָה swarm of bees, may be in this line, as led by their queen, so Thes. (4) Arabic consider the end or issue (of an affair), relate (a story or tradition); consider, plan against; Phoenician דבר speak; Hebrew דִּבֶּר etc. Synonym of אָמַר say, as Aramaic מַלֵּל with אֲמַר; Greek λαλεῖν, λέγειν; Lat loqui, dicere; German reden, sagen) — Qal41 only infinitive (once ?) & participle: Infinitive suffix בְּדָבְרֶ֑ךָ (by attraction to בְּשָׁפְטֶ֑ךָ for usual Piel) Psalm 51:6; Participle דֹּבֵר Exodus 6:29-30t.; plural דֹּבְרִים Numbers 36:5; Psalm 109:20; construct דֹּבְרֵי 5:7 3t.; feminine דֹּבְרוֺת Numbers 27:7; Psalm 31:19; passive דָּבֻר Proverbs 25:11; — speak, absolute Numbers 27:7; 32:27; 36:5 (P) Psalm 51:6 (?); דָּבֻר דָּבָר word spoken Proverbs 25:11; with accusative of thing דָּבָר דֹּבֵר speaking a word Job 2:13; אמת Psalm 15:2, תמים Amos 5:10, (מ)ישׁרים Proverbs 16:13; Isaiah 33:15, צדק 45:19, שׁלום Esther 10:3; Psalm 28:3, שׁקר(יםׅ Psalm 63:12; 101:7; Jeremiah 40:16, כזב Psalm 5:7; 58:4, רע 109:20, נבלה Isaiah 9:16, נפשׁו הַוַּת Micah 7:3; with אֶל of person, unto Genesis 16:13 (J) Exodus 6:29 (P) Jeremiah 38:20; 40:16; Daniel 10:11; Jonah 3:2; בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Deuteronomy 5:1; Jeremiah 28:7; עַל concerning, about Psalm 31:19; 109:20; Jeremiah 32:42 (sometimes rendered against, but dubious); עִם with Psalm 28:3; בִּי הַדֹּבֵר הַמַּלְאָךְ the angel that spake with me (as a prophet, an instrument of communicating with Israel) Zechariah 1:9, 13, 14; 2:2; 2:7; 4:1, 4, 5; 5:5, 10; 6:4 (see preposition בְּ III. 2 Ew§ 217 f. (3)). Niph`al4 Perfect נִדְבְּרוּ Malachi 3:16, נִדְבָּ֑רוּ Psalm 119:23, נִדְבַּרְנוּ Malachi 3:13; Participle הַנִּדְבָּרִים Ezekiel 33:30; reciprocal sense, speak with one another, talk, absolute Malachi 3:16; with בְּ, against Psalm 119:23; Ezekiel 33:30; with עַל, concerning, about Malachi 3:13 (RV against, see Ew§ 217 i.) Pi`el1089 Perfect דִּבֶּר Genesis 12:4 +, דִּבֵּ֑ר 21:1 + (on דִּבֶּ֑ר Exodus 12:25; Deuteronomy 26:19 see Bö§ 1021 d (1) Köi, 188); Imperfect יְדַבֵּר Genesis 44:7 +, יְדַבֶּרֿ 44:18 +; תְּדַבְּרוּן 32:20, תְּדַבֵּר֑וּן Psalm 58:2; Imperative דַּבֵּר Genesis 24:38 +, דַּבֶּרֿ Exodus 11:2 +; Infinitive דַּבֵּר Genesis 24:50 +, דַּבֶּרֿ Isaiah 59:13 +; Participle מְדַבֵּר Genesis 27:6 +; feminine מְדַבֶּרֶת 1 Samuel 1:13 +; — (הַדִּבֵּר Jeremiah 5:13, infinitive Ki48, probably Ol§ 182 e Kö§ 23 -5, perhaps MV; but more probably a noun, as Ges§ 52 (2), Anm. 3 Ew§ 156 a, dubious perfect as Sta§ 222; דִּבֶּר בְּיוֺם Exodus 6:28; Numbers 3:1; Deuteronomy 4:15; דִּבֶּרֿ תְּחִלַּת Hosea 1:2, infinitive Ki48 Bö§ 987 (7) Kö§ 23 (5); but more probably perfect, as Ges§ 52 (2). Anm. 3); — speak, 1 absolute Deuteronomy 18:17 +?לֵאמֹר, less frequently וַיּאֹמֶר: 2 Kings 18:28 +, compare the phrases (י דברתי׳אני ) Ezekiel 5:13 18t. Ezekiel; י ׳כי דבר Isaiah 1:2; 21:17; 22:25; 24:3; 25:8; Jeremiah 13:15; Joel 4:8; Obadiah 18; י פי ׳כי דבר Isaiah 1:20; 40:5; 58:14; Micah 4:4; ידבר פי Psalm 49:4; פי (י)דבר 66:14; 145:21; ודבר השׁכם Jeremiah 7:13; 25:3; 35:14; מדבר זה עוד Job 1:16-17, 18. 2 with accusative of thing, very frequently, האלה הדברים את ׳ד Exodus 20:1; Deuteronomy 5:19 +; דְּבָרֶיךָ עוֺד תְּדַבֵּר לָמָּה why speakest thou any more of thy affairs ? 2 Samuel 19:30; דְּבָרָ֑י אִםדִּֿבַּרְתִּי עַד until I have told my errand Genesis 24:33; seldom followed by דָּבָר indefinite; as ׳ד דָּבָר Isaiah 58:13 speak a (mere, empty) word; so probably also ׳ד דְּבָרִים Hosea 10:4; with other nouns, e.g. קשׁות דבר spake rough words Genesis 42:7, 30 (E); ׳ד גבהה proud words 1 Samuel 2:3; טבות friendly words Jeremiah 12:6; טוב 1 Samuel 19:4; 1 Kings 22:13; Esther 7:9; שׁקר Isaiah 59:3 +, כזב Daniel 11:27, אמת Jeremiah 9:4 +, שׁוא Psalm 12:3 +; שׁיר דבר utter, sing a song Judges 5:12 משׁל 1 Kings 5:12; יְהוּדִית the Jewish language Nehemiah 13:24; סרה rebellion Deuteronomy 13:6; Jeremiah 28:16; 29:32. 3 with persons: a. rarely accusative לְשָׁלֹם דַבְּרוֺ יָָֽכְלוּ they could [not] speak unto him peaceably Genesis 37:4 (J; but Ew§ 282 a about him); אֹתָם ֗֗֗ וַיְדַבֵּר Numbers 26:3 (P, but text corrupt see Di; not satisfactory explanation yet given, possibly read אִתָּם see d). b. most frequently with אֶל throughout the literature: Genesis 8:15 +; compare phrases י ׳וַיְדַבֵּר לֵאמֹר משֶׁה אֶל Exodus 6:10 87t. P; but י ׳וידבּר לך משׁה אל 32:7; 33:1 (JE); אהרן אל דבּר Leviticus 6:18 8t. (P); בני אל דבר ישׂראל Exodus 6:9 38t. (P); elsewhere, 19:6 (E) Deuteronomy 1:3; 4:45 (D); ׳ד העדה (כל) אל Exodus 12:3; Leviticus 19:2; Numbers 16:24, 26 (P); ׳ד לב אל speak unto one's heart Genesis 24:45, i.e. to oneself, compare also ׳ד לִבָּהּ על 1 Samuel 1:13, see 5 below; אל is used inexactly for על 1 Samuel 3:12; 1 Kings 16:12; Isaiah 16:13; Jeremiah 27:13; 30:4; 33:14; 36:7, 31; 40:2; 50:1; 51:12, 62 where it is rendered concerning or against. c. with לְ speak to 1 Kings 2:19; Ezekiel 32:21; Daniel 2:4; ליהוה speak, sing to Yahweh words of a song Joshua 10:12 (D) 2 Samuel 22:1 (= Psalm 18:1 title); in D, ל דבר promise to, in phrases דבר(י ל׳כאשׁר ) Deuteronomy 1:11, 21; 6:3; 9:3; 10:9; 11:25; 12:20; 15:6; 18:2; 26:18; 27:3; 29:12; Joshua 13:14, 33; 22:4; 23:5, 10 (all D); ל דבר אשׁר Deuteronomy 9:28; 1 Kings 8:24-25, 26 (= 2 Chronicles 6:15-16, 17). — ל דבר Genesis 24:7; 28:15; 49:28; Exodus 32:34 (J) Joshua 9:21 (P) Judges 14:7; 2 Samuel 23:3; Isaiah 30:10; Zechariah 9:10 usually rendered speak to, but often rather promise to. אֶלהַֿמֶּלֶךְ לְדַבֶּרלָֿךְ הֲיֵשׁ is it possible to speak for thee unto the king ? 2 Kings 4:13 (by attraction to לָךְ לַעֲשׂוֺת). d. with אֵת speak with Genesis 17:3, 22, 23; 21:2; 23:8; 34:6, 8; 35:13, 15; Exodus 25:22; 31:18; 34:29, 33, 34, 35; Numbers 3:1; 7:89; Joshua 22:15, 21 (all P) Genesis 35:14; 41:9; 42:7; 45:15; Joshua 17:14 (all E) Deuteronomy 5:21; sources of Samuel Kings Chronicles, 2 Samuel 3:27; 7:7 = 1 Chronicles 17:6; 1 Kings 8:15 2 Chronicles 6:4; 1 Kings 22:24 2 Chronicles 18:23; 10:10 ( = אל 1 Kings 12:10) Jeremiah 5:5; 7:22; 9:7; 35:2; 38:25; Ezekiel 2:1; 3:22, 24, 27; 14:4; 20:3; 44:5; Daniel 1:19; Zechariah 8:16; compare phrases אחד את חד דבר speak one with another Ezekiel 33:30; את משׁפטים דבר speak judgments with, usually = give judgment against, (not Jeremiah 12:1), 1:16; 4:12; 12:1; 39:5; 52:9 (= 2 Kings 25:6); את טבות דבר speak kindly with 25:28 = Jeremiah 52:32. e. with עִם speak with, (not P), Genesis 29:9; 31:24, 29; Exodus 19:9; 20:19 (twice in verse); 20:22; 33:9; Numbers 11:17; 22:19; Joshua 24:27 (all J E) Deuteronomy 5:4; 9:10; Judges 6:17; 1 Samuel 9:25 (ᵐ5 Th We Dr לְ וַיִּרְבְּדוּ spread a couch for) 17:23; 2 Samuel 13:22; 1 Kings 1:14, 22; 2 Kings 6:33; 18:26; 2 Chronicles 9:1 (= אֶל 1 Kings 10:2) Nehemiah 9:18; Esther 6:14; Jeremiah 32:4; Daniel 8:18; 9:22; 10:11, 15, 17, 19; Hosea 12:5; לִבִּי עִם אֲנִי דִּבַּרְתִּי I spake, communed with my heart Ecclesiastes 1:16. feminine לִפְנֵי before, in the presence of Exodus 6:12; Numbers 36:1 (P) Judges 11:11; 1 Kings 3:22; Esther 8:3. 4 with בְּ a. instrumental, בְּ דבר speak with, by, or by means of a person (see above Qal near the end) Numbers 12:2 (twice in verse); 12:6, 8 (E) 2 Samuel 23:2 (compare Dr), 1 Kings 22:28 2 Chronicles 18:27; Habakkuk 2:1; דִּבֶּר בְּשֵׁם speak in the name of Exodus 5:23 (J) Deuteronomy 18:19-20, (twice in verse); 18:22; 1 Chronicles 21:19; Jeremiah 20:9; 26:16; 29:23; 44:16; Daniel 9:6; Zechariah 13:3; ביד by the hand of Numbers 17:5; 27:23; Joshua 20:2 (P) 1 Samuel 28:17; 1 Kings 8:53 13t. Kings, 2 Chronicles 10:15 (= 1 Kings 12:15) Isaiah 20:2; Jeremiah 37:2; 50:1; Ezekiel 38:17. b. local (figurative), בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Genesis 20:8 (E) Exodus 11:2; Deuteronomy 32:44 (J) Genesis 23:16; Numbers 14:28; Joshua 20:4 (P) Deuteronomy 31:28, 30; Judges 9:2-3, 1 Samuel 8:21; 11:4; 25:24; 2 Samuel 3:19 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 26:15; Proverbs 23:9; דבר בלב speak in the heart Ecclesiastes 2:15. c. of the object, speak of, about (preposition בְּ IV. e Ew§ 217 f, (2)) Deuteronomy 6:7; 11:19; 1 Samuel 19:3-4, Psalm 119:46; 122:8; propose for (a wife) 1 Samuel 25:39 (compare Song of Solomon 8:8). d. of hostility, against (Ew§ 217 f, (1)) Numbers 12:1, 8; 21:5, 7 (E) Job 19:18; Psalm 50:20; 78:19. e. of price, בְּנַפְשׁוֺ at the cost of his life 1 Kings 2:23 (see בְּ III. 3). 5 with עַל, of the object concerning or about which one speaks Genesis 18:19; Numbers 10:29 (J) Joshua 23:14 (D) Judges 9:3; 1 Samuel 25:30; 1 Kings 2:4, 27; 5:13 (twice in verse); 14:2; 22:23 (= 2 Chronicles 18:22), 2 Kings 10:10; 19:21 = Isaiah 37:22; 1 Chronicles 22:11; 2 Chronicles 23:3; Jeremiah 1:16; 18:7-8, 9; 42:19. It may have this sense in most if not all of the following, where RV renders 1 Kings 2:18-19, Esther 7:9; Jeremiah 18:20 for; 2 Chronicles 32:16; Nehemiah 6:12; Jeremiah 11:17; 16:10; 25:13; 26:13, 19; 35:17; Ezekiel 36:5; Daniel 9:12; 11:36; Hosea 7:13; Amos 3:1 against; and 1 Kings 9:5; 2 Kings 22:19; Jeremiah 10:1; 19:15 unto (על is used for אל unto2 Chronicles 32:19; Jeremiah 6:10; 25:2; 26:2; Hosea 12:11); compare the phrase לב על דבר speak upon the heart, speak kindly, comfort Genesis 34:3; 50:21 (E) Judges 19:3; Ruth 2:13; 1 Samuel 1:13 (seemingly from context על for אל, to her heart, to herself, see Dr), 2 Samuel 19:8; 2 Chronicles 30:22; 32:6; Isaiah 40:2; Hosea 2:16. 6 with infin. לעשׂות דבר promise to do Exodus 32:14 (J) Deuteronomy 1:14; Ezekiel 6:10; Jonah 3:10; לתת דבר promise to give Deuteronomy 19:8; למחות דבר threaten to blot out 2 Kings 14:27; compare להזהיר דבר i.e. so as to warn Ezekiel 3:18; 33:8. Note. — הַמַּמְלָכָה אֶתכָּֿלזֶֿרַע וַתְּדַבֵּר וַתָּקָם2 Chronicles 22:10 ᵐ5 ἀπώλεσε, ᵑ9 interfecit, scribal error for וַתְּאַבֵּד 2 Kings 11:1. Other explanations: plot against, waylay (Arabic ) Thes MV; pronounce sentence, elliptical מִשְׁמָּטִים וַתְּדַבֵּר GesHdw Rob; but compare VB. — Pu`al Imperfect שֶׁיְּדֻבַּרבָּֿהּ בַּיּוֺם in the day when she may be spoken for Song of Solomon 8:8 (see Pi`el 4 c); Participle בָּךְ מְדֻבָּר נִכְבָּדוֺת glorious things are being spoken in thee (RV Pe MV of thee) Psalm 87:3. Hithpa`el Participle מִדַּבֵּר = מִתְדַּבֵּר with accusative הַזֶּה הַדָּבָר מִדַּבֵּר speaking this word 2 Samuel 14:13; אֶל מִדַּבֵּר הַקּוֺל) (אֵת ׳שָׁמַע heard (the voice, or) one speaking unto Numbers 7:89 (P) Ezekiel 2:2; 43:6 (Di Numbers 7:89 would read מְדַבֵּר after ᵐ5; the meaning not appreciably different from Piel; the Hithpa`el difficult to reconcile with אֶל). Hiph`il Imperfect תַּחְתָּי עַמִּים וַיַּדְבֵּר Psalm 18:48 (2 Samuel 22:48 has וּמֹרִיד for rare וַיַּדְבֵּר), תַּחְתֵּינוּ עַמִּים יַדְבֵּר Psalm 47:4; either (compare Aramaic דַּבַּר) leads subject (so Ges coegit, De Now), or (compare Arabic turn the back, retreat) puts to flight, figurative for subdues (so Hi). |