H3372. yare

' יָרֵא‎ verb fear (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian îrû, id.; Hpt KAT^{2, Gloss i.}, COT^Gloss) —

Qal₃₂₈ Perfect ׳יר‎ Genesis 19:30 14t.; 3 feminine יָרְאָה‎ Jeremiah 3:8; Psalm 76:9; יָרֵ֑אָה‎ Genesis 18:15; plural 2masculine יְרֵאתֶם‎ Numbers 12:8 2t.; + 23 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִירָא‎ Amos 3:8 3t.; וַיִּירָא‎ Genesis 28:17 5t.; וַיִּרָא‎ Jeremiah 26:21 5t.; plural יִירְאוּ (יִָֽרְאוּ)‎ 23:4 +; יִרָאוּן‎ Deuteronomy 13:12, +, etc.; 136t. Imperfect; Imperative יְרָא‎ Proverbs 3:7 3t.; יְראוּ‎ Joshua 24:14 2t.; Infinitive construct יְרֹא‎ 22:25; לֵרֹא‎ 1 Samuel 18:29 (Ges^{§ 69}, R. i.); לְיִרְאָה‎ Deuteronomy 4:10 13t.; suffix יִרְאָתוֺ‎ 2 Samuel 3:11; יִרְאָתָם‎ Isaiah 29:13; יְרָאתֶם‎ Joshua 4:24 (read יִרְאָתָם‎ Bö^{§ 1081 a} Ew^337b Di etc.); Participle יָרֵא‎ Genesis 32:12 15t.; construct יְרֵא‎ 22:12 10t.; plural יְרֵאִים‎ Jeremiah 42:11 6t.; construct יִרְאֵי‎ Exodus 18:21 12t.; feminine construct יִרְאַת‎ Proverbs 31:30; —

1 fear, be afraid (not in P):

a. absolute Genesis 3:10; 18:15; 32:8; 43:18; Exodus 14:10 (J), Genesis 20:8; 28:17; 42:35; Exodus 2:14; Joshua 10:2 (E), Deuteronomy 20:8; 31:8; Judges 7:3; 8:20; 1 Samuel 4:7; 17:11, 24; 23:3; 28:5; 31:4 = 1 Chronicles 10:4; 2 Kings 10:4; 2 Chronicles 20:3; Nehemiah 2:2; 6:13; Isaiah 54:14; Jeremiah 3:8; 23:4; 26:21; Amos 3:8; Jonah 1:5, 10; Psalm 27:3; 46:3; 49:6 (but Bae reads ראה‎) 56:4; 56:5; 56:12; 64:5; 65:10; 76:9; 112:8; 118:6; Proverbs 14:16; Job 6:21; 11:15; אַלתִּֿירָא(יו׳ּׅ‎ fear not Genesis 15:1; 21:17; 35:17; 50:19, 21; Exodus 20:20; Joshua 10:25 (E), Genesis 26:24; 43:23; Exodus 14:13; Joshua 8:1 (J), Deuteronomy 1:21; 20:3; 31:6; Judges 4:18; 6:23; 1 Samuel 4:20; 12:20; 22:23; 23:17; 28:13; 2 Samuel 9:7; 13:28; 1 Kings 17:13; 2 Kings 6:16; 1 Chronicles 22:13; 28:20; 2 Chronicles 20:17; Isaiah 7:4; 35:4; 40:9; 41:10, 13, 14; 43:1, 5; 44:2; 54:4; Jeremiah 30:10; 46:27-28, Joel 2:21-22, Zephaniah 3:16; Haggai 2:5; Zechariah 8:13, 15; Psalm 49:17; Lamentations 3:57; Daniel 10:12, 19; Ruth 3:11; וי ׳יִשְׁמְעוּ‎ hear and fear Deuteronomy 13:12; 17:13; 19:20; 21:21; וי ׳(י)ראו‎ see and fear Psalm 40:4; 52:8; Isaiah 41:5; Zechariah 9:5.

b. with accusative of thing or person Numbers 14:9 (twice in verse) (J), 21:34 (E), Deuteronomy 3:2, 22; Judges 6:27; 1 Samuel 15:24; 2 Samuel 3:11; 1 Kings 1:51; Isaiah 8:12; 51:7; 57:11; Ezekiel 3:9; 11:8; Habakkuk 3:2 (accusative פעלךָ‎ in corrected rhythm), Psalm 23:4; Daniel 1:10; accusative of God (׳י‎) 1 Samuel 12:18; 2 Samuel 6:9 = 1 Chronicles 13:12; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 5:22; Jonah 1:16; Job 9:35; 37:24.

c. with מִן‎ be afraid of, Deuteronomy 1:29; 2:4; 7:18; 20:1; 28:10; Joshua 10:8 (D) 1 Samuel 28:20; 2 Kings 25:24; Isaiah 10:24; 51:12; Jeremiah 10:5; 42:11, 16; Ezekiel 2:6 (3 t. in verse); Micah 7:17; Psalm 3:7; 27:1; 65:9; 91:5; 112:7; 119:120; Proverbs 3:25; 31:21; Job 5:21-22, Ecclesiastes 12:5; with מִמְּנֵי‎ Deuteronomy 5:5; 7:19; Joshua 9:24; 11:6 (D), 1 Samuel 7:7; 18:29; 1 Samuel 21:23; 1 Kings 1:50; 2 Kings 1:15; 19:6 (= Isaiah 37:6) 2 Kings 25:26; 2 Chronicles 20:15; 32:7; Nehemiah 4:8; Jeremiah 1:8; 41:18; 42:11 (twice in verse); מִלִּפְנֵי‎ 1 Samuel 18:12, with בְּ‎ because of, for Jeremiah 51:46.

d. with infinitive and לְ‎ fear to do a thing Genesis 19:30; 26:7 (J), Numbers 12:8 (E), Judges 7:10; 2 Samuel 1:14; 10:19; 12:18; with infin. and מִן‎, afraid of doing Genesis 46:3; Exodus 3:6 (E), 1 Samuel 3:15; Jeremiah 40:9; Job 32:6.

e. with מֶּן‎ fear lest Genesis 31:31 (E) 32:12 (J).

2 stand in awe of, with מן‎ and infinitive אֵלָיו מִגֶּשֶׁת וַיִּירְאוּ‎ Exodus 34:30 (P) and they stood in awe of drawing nigh unto him; ׳וגו מֵיהוה יִירְאוּ‎ Psalm 33:8 let all the earth stand in awe of Yahweh; מֵאֱלהֶיךָ וְיָרֵאתָ‎ and thou shalt stand in awe of thy God Leviticus 19:14, 32; 25:17, 36, 43 (all H); with מִמְּנֵי‎, of the king Solomon 1 Kings 3:28; אלהים י ׳מִמְּנֵי‎ Exodus 9:30 (J?); י ׳מפני‎ Haggai 1:12; ׳י (אלהיםׅ מלפני‎ stand in awe before (God) Ecclesiastes 3:14; 8:12-13,.

3 fear, reverence, honour, e.g. parents Leviticus 19:3 (H), Moses and Joshua Joshua 4:14 (twice in verse), the oath 1 Samuel 14:26; Ecclesiastes 9:2, commandment Proverbs 13:13, the sanctuary Leviticus 19:30; 26:2 (H), other gods Judges 6:10; 2 Kings 17:7, 35, 37, 38; elsewhere of God:

a. absolute Jeremiah 44:10.

b. with accusative (ה)אלהים‎ Genesis 22:12; 42:18; Exodus 1:17, 21; 18:21 (E), Deuteronomy 25:18; Psalm 55:20; 66:16; Job 1:1, 8, 9; 2:3; Ecclesiastes 5:6; 7:18; 8:12; 12:13; Nehemiah 7:2; ׳יר יהוה‎ Exodus 14:31 (J), Joshua 22:25 (P), 24:14 (E), 1 Samuel 12:14, 24; 1 Kings 18:3, 12; 2 Kings 4:1; 17:25, 28, 32, 33, 34, 41; Isaiah 50:10; Jeremiah 5:24; 26:19; Hosea 10:3; Jonah 1:9; Malachi 3:16 (twice in verse); Psalm 15:4; 22:24; 25:12; 34:10; 112:1; 115:11; 115:13; 118:4; 128:1; 128:4; 135:20; Proverbs 3:7; 14:2; 24:21; 31:30; ׳יר ׳י אֱלֹהֶיךָ‎ (and other suffixes) Deuteronomy 6:2, 13, 24; 10:12, 20; 14:23; 17:19; 31:12-13, Joshua 4:24 (D), 2 Kings 17:39; with suffixes referring to Yahweh or Elohim Deuteronomy 4:10; 5:26; 8:6; 13:5; 1 Kings 8:40, 43 2 Chronicles 6:31, 33; 2 Kings 17:36; Isaiah 25:3; 29:13; Jeremiah 10:7; 32:39; Malachi 2:5; 3:5; Zephaniah 3:7; Psalm 22:26; 25:14; 31:20; 33:18; 34:8; 34:10; 60:6; Psalm 67:8; 72:5; 85:10; 103:11; 103:13; 103:17; 111:5; 119:63; 119:74; 119:79; 145:19; 147:11; י אֶתדְּֿבַר ׳הַיָּרֵא‎ Exodus 9:20 he that feared the word of Yahweh (J); the name (of Yahweh) Deuteronomy 28:58; Isaiah 59:19; Malachi 3:20; Psalm 61:6; 86:11; 102:16; Nehemiah 1:11.

Niph`al₄₅ Imperfect2masculine תִּוָּרֵא‎ Psalm 130:4; Participle נוֺרָא‎ Genesis 28:17 33t.; feminine נוֺרָאָה‎ Isaiah 21:1; plural נוֺרָאוֺת‎ 64:2 5t.; נוֺרָאֹת‎ Deuteronomy 10:21; נֹרָאוֺת‎ 2 Samuel 7:23; suffix נוֺרְאוֺתֶיךָ‎ Psalm 145:6; —

1 be fearful, dreadful, e.g. wilderness Deuteronomy 1:19; 8:15, land Isaiah 21:1, people 18:2, 7; Habakkuk 1:7, ice (in simile) הנ הַקֶּרַח ׳כְּעֵין‎ Ezekiel 1:22 (strike out ᵐ5‎ Co).

2 cause astonishment and awe: of Yahweh himself Psalm 47:3; Psalm 68:36; 76:8; תְהִלֹּת נוֺרָא‎ awe-inspiring in praises Exodus 15:11 (song); הוֺד נוֺרָא עַלאֿלוהּ‎ awe-inspiring majesty (is) upon Eloah Job 37:22; with לְ‎, to kings of the earth Psalm 76:13; with על‎ of hostile nations Zephaniah 2:11; of ׳י‎s doings Exodus 34:10 (J) Psalm 66:3; 66:5; (ה)נוראות‎ wonderful, glorious things, of Messianic king 45:5; of Yahweh himself Deuteronomy 10:21; 2 Samuel 7:23 = 1 Chronicles 17:21; Isaiah 64:2; Psalm 106:22; 145:6; ׳נו‎ adverbially in 65:6; 139:14 Ges^{§ 118}. 5. b Da^{Synt. § 70}(b); י ׳יוֺם והנורא הגדול‎ the great and awful day of Yahweh Joel 3:4; Malachi 3:23 compare 2:11.

3 inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe:

a. as attribute of God, תִּוָּרֵא לְמַעַן‎ that thou mightest be revered Psalm 130:4; ו(ה)נוֺרָא (ה)גָּדוֺל‎ (the) great and awful (God) Deuteronomy 7:21; 10:17; Nehemiah 1:5; 4:8; 9:32; Daniel 9:4; with עַל‎, above all gods Psalm 96:4 = 1 Chronicles 16:25; above the angels round about him Psalm 89:8.

b. of the name of Yahweh Deuteronomy 28:58; Psalm 99:3; 111:9; Malachi 1:14.

c. of sacred things: האלהים מלאךְ‎ Judges 13:6; place of theophany Genesis 28:17 (E).

Piel.₅ Perfect3masculine suffix יֵָֽרְאֻנִי‎ 2 Samuel 14:15; Infinitive suffix לְיָָֽרְאֵנִי‎ Nehemiah 6:19; לְיָֽרְאָם‎2 Chronicles 32:18; Participle plural מְיָָֽרְאִים‎ Nehemiah 6:9, 14 make afraid, terrify, with accusative