Lexical Summary yarad: to come or go down, descend Original Word: יָרַדTransliteration: yarad Phonetic Spelling: (yaw-rad') Part of Speech: Verb Short Definition: to come or go down, descend Meaning: to come or go down, descend Strong's Concordance to descend, to go downwards to a lower region, as the shoreA primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications); -X abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, X indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down. Brown-Driver-Briggs H3381. yarad יָרַד380 verb come or go down, descend (Late Hebrew id.; MI32 וארד and רד; Assyrian arâdu, DlHWB 240; Arabic come to, arrive at, also descend; Ethiopic descend; Sabean ורד and הורד id., DHM in MV) — Qal306 Perfect יָרַד Exodus 19:18 +; יְרַד Judges 5:13 (twice in verse) (but read יָרַד or יֵרֵד); רַד 19:11 (read יָרַד), etc.; Imperfect יֵרֵד Genesis 42:38 +; וַיֵּ֫רֶד 11:5 +; וַיֵּרַ֑ד 2 Samuel 22:10 2t.; 3 feminine singular (אֵשׁׅ תֵּ֫רֶד 2 Kings 1:10, 12; תּרַד Jeremiah 13:17; Lamentations 3:48; תֵּדֵֿ֔ Isaiah 34:5; 63:14; תֵּרֵ֑ד Ezekiel 26:11 (יוֺרִיד Vrss Co); וַתֵּ֫רֶד Genesis 24:16 7t.; 2 masculine singular תֵּרֵד 26:2 5t. + 1 Samuel 20:19, where read תִּמָּקֵד We Dr., compare ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵐ5; 1 singular אֵרֵד Genesis 37:35 3t.; וָאֵרֵד Exodus 3:8 3t.; cohortative אֵרְדָהנָֿא Genesis 18:21; יֵרְדוּ 1 Samuel 13:12 4t.; וַיֵּרְדוּ Genesis 42:3 19t.; 3 feminine plural תֵּרַדְנָה Jeremiah 14:17 2t.; 1 plural נֵרֵד Genesis 43:5; cohortative נֵרְדָה 11:7 2t.; וַנֵּ֫רֶד 2 Kings 10:13; Imperative רֵד Exodus 19:21 +; רְדָה Genesis 45:9; Ezekiel 32:19; רֵ֑דָה 2 Kings 1:9, 11; feminine singular רְדִי Jeremiah 48:18; Isaiah 47:1; masculine plural רְדוּ Genesis 42:2 5t.; Infinitive absolute יָרֹד 43:20; construct רֶ֫דֶת 44:26 +; (מֵ)רְדָה 46:3 (see Köi. 402); suffix רִדְתִּי Psalm 30:10, etc. (in 30:4 read Kt מִיּוֺרְדֵי, so ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Che Bae, see Ol§§ 160 b, 245d); Participle יוֺרֵד Judges 9:36 +; feminine singular יֹרְדָה Lamentations 1:16; (הַ)יֹּרֶ֫דֶת Ecclesiastes 3:21; 1 Samuel 25:30, etc.; — 1. a. come or go down: from (מִן) a mountain Exodus 19:14; 32:1, 15 (all E), 34:29 (twice in verse) (JE), Deuteronomy 9:15; 10:5; Numbers 20:28 (P) +; absolute Exodus 19:21, 24 (J), 19:25 (J; with אֶל person); from the air, of birds, followed by עַל Genesis 15:11 (JE). b. go down (usually from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle, absolute Judges 5:14; followed by לָעֵמֶק 1:34; followed by לַשְּׁעָרִים 5:11; followed by אֶל 5:10; 5:11, compare 1 Samuel 17:8 (followed by אֶל person); followed by לִקְרַאת Judges 7:24; followed by אַחֲרֵי person 1 Samuel 14:36; followed by ב location Judges 7:9; וְנִסְמָּה יֵרֵד בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 Samuel 26:10, compare 29:4; 30:24; of single combat, בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט אֵלָיו וַיַּרֶד 2 Samuel 23:21 = 1 Chronicles 11:23. c. go down to (accusative) threshing-floor, Ruth 3:3, 5; (from David's palace) to Uriah's house (אֶל) 2 Samuel 11:9-10, (twice in verse); 11:13; from temple to (accusative) king's house Jeremiah 36:12 (+ הַסֹּפֵר עַללִֿשְׁכַּת); יְהוּדָח בֵּיתמֶֿלֶךְ רֵד 22:1, etc. d. go down (absolute) from Palestine to Egypt Genesis 42:3 (E), 42:38 (J) + 6 t. J E; followed by אֵלַי 45:9 (E); followed by מִעְרַ֫יְמָה 46:3-4, (E), 12:10; 26:2 (both J), Numbers 20:15 (JE); followed by מִצְרֵיִם Joshua 24:4 (E), Genesis 43:15 (J), Isaiah 30:2; 31:1; 52:4; followed by שָׁמָּה Genesis 42:2 (E) ; so to Philistine cities Judges 14:19; 16:31; 1 Samuel 13:20; Amos 6:2. e. from Jerusalem, absolute Judges 1:9; 1 Kings 1:25; Nehemiah 6:3; 2 Chronicles 20:16 (to battle); to Jezreel 2 Kings 8:21 = 9:26 2 Chronicles 22:6; to Samaria 1 Kings 22:2 2 Chronicles 18:2; (to Gihon) 1 Samuel 1:38, etc. f. from altar הַחַטָּאת מֵעֲשׂוֺת ירד Leviticus 9:22 (P); from chariot, with מֵעַל Judges 4:15; from ass, with מֵעַל 1 Samuel 25:23; from throne, with מֵעַל Ezekiel 26:16, absolute Isaiah 47:1, compare מִכָּבוֺד רְדִי Jeremiah 48:18; from ships, with מִן Ezekiel 27:29; from bed, with מִן 2 Kings 1:4, 6, 16 (all opposed to עלה). g. go down הָעַ֫יְנָה Genesis 24:16, 45 (J); followed by הַיְאֹר עַל לִרְחֹץ Exodus 2:5 (E), compare (absolute) 2 Kings 5:14; followed by accusative הַסֶּלַע 1 Samuel 23:25; הַיָּם יוֺרְדֵי Isaiah 42:10; בָּאֳנִיּוֺת הַיָּם יוֺרְדֵי Psalm 107:23; absolute (into pit or well) 2 Samuel 23:30 = 1 Chronicles 11:22, followed by שָׁם (i.e. בְּאֵר) 2 Samuel 17:18. וְיָרַדְתִּי֯ Judges 11:37, read וְרַדְתִּי (√ רוד, wander about), RS in Bla. h. = sink, in water כְּמוֺאָֿ֑בֶן בִמְצוֺלוֺת יָָֽרְדוּ Exodus 15:5 (song in E); יָרַדְתִּי הָרַים לְקִצְבֵי Jonah 2:7; more Generally, opposed to rising, בְקָעוֺת יֵָֽרְדוּ הָרִים יַעֲלוּ Psalm 104:8 mountains rise, valleys sink; תְהוֺמוֺת יֵרְדוּ שָׁמַיִם יַעֲלוּ 107:26. i. go down to She'ôl: followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה Genesis 37:35 (J; + אֶלבְּֿנִי), Numbers 16:30, 33 (JE), Ezekiel 31:15, 17; followed by שְׁאוֺל 32:27; Psalm 55:16; Job 7:6 (opposed to עלה); תֵּרַדְנָה שְׁאֹל בַּדֵּי 17:16; absolute Isaiah 5:14; Ezekiel 32:19 ("" הָשְׁכְּבָה), 32:21; 32:30, Psalm 49:15 (followed by אַחֲרָיו); עֲרֵלִים יָָֽרְדוּ Ezekiel 32:24; followed by שַׁחַת Job 33:24, אֶלשַֿׁחַת Psalm 30:10; followed by בּוֺר 30:4 Qr (Kt יורדי); אֶלאַֿבְנֵיבֿוֺר יוֺרְדֵי Isaiah 14:19 ; בוֺר יוֺרְדֵי Psalm 28:1; Ezekiel 26:20 (twice in verse) ("" תַּחְתִיּוֺת אֶרֶץ) + 11 t. (see בּוֺר); עָפָר יוֺרְדֵי Psalm 22:30; דוּמָה יוֺרְדֵי 115:17 ("" הַמֵּתִים); מָ֑וֶת יֹרְדֹת רַגְלֶיהָ Proverbs 5:5, compare 7:27 ("" שְׁאוֺל דַּרְכֵי); note also לָאָרֶץ לְמִטָּה הִיא הַיּרֶדֶת הַבְּהֵמָה יוֺדֵעַר֗֗֗וּךְַ מִי Ecclesiastes 3:21 (opposed to לְמָ֑עְלָה הִיא הָעֹלָה; read הַעֹלָה חֲיֹרדת,, with Vrss, see VB). j. figurative בַּבֶּ֑כִי יֹרֵד Isaiah 15:3 going down (dissolving) in tears ("" יְיֵלֵיל; compare 3c). k. = be prostrated, absolute, of horses and riders Haggai 2:22, compare Isaiah 34:7, perhaps also Jeremiah 48:15; 50:27 (+ לַטָּ֑בַח); forest Isaiah 32:19; Zechariah 11:2; city Deuteronomy 20:20; Lamentations 1:9; wall Deuteronomy 28:52; nation מָ֑טָּה מַ֫טָּה תֵּרֵד 28:43 (opposed to עלה); מַצֵּבוֺת Ezekiel 26:11 + לָאָרֶץ (where Co ויחרדו). 2 of divine manifestations: descend, of ׳י in theoph. [ההר֑ על]׳י בָּאֵשׁ עָלָיו יָרַד Exodus 19:11, 18 (E), 19:20 (J; הָהָר אֶלרֿאֹשׁ), compare Nehemiah 9:13; י ׳יֵרֵד עַלהַֿרצִֿיּוֺן לִצְבּאֹ צְבָאוֺת Isaiah 31:4; absolute Genesis 11:5, 7; 18:21; Exodus 3:8 (all J), Numbers 11:17 (JE), 2 Samuel 22:10 = Psalm 18:10 (compare 144:5), Micah 1:3; Isaiah 63:19; 64:2; ׳י בֶּעָנָן וַיֵּרֶד Exodus 34:5; Numbers 11:25, compare 12:5 (all J E); of pillar of cloud Exodus 33:9 (JE); וַיֵּרַ֓ד עָלָהשָֿׁמַיִם מִי Proverbs 30:4; of angels on סֻלָּם; בּוֺ וְיֹרְדִים עֹלִים Genesis 28:12 (E). 3 of inanimate things: a. hail with עַל person Exodus 9:19 (J); dew with עַל location Numbers 11:9 (JE), Psalm 133:3; rain (as אָבָק and עָפָר), followed by הַשָּׁמַיִם מִן + על person Deuteronomy 28:24, so in simile of future king עַלגֵּֿז כְּמָטָר יֵרֵד Psalm 72:6; of גְּשֶׁם and שֶׁלֶג, with הַשָּׁמַיִם מִן Isaiah 55:10; manna (with עַל location) Numbers 11:9 (JE); fire from (מִן) heaven 2 Kings 1:10 (twice in verse); 1:12 (twice in verse); 1:14; 2 Chronicles 7:1, absolute 7:3. b. waters, flowing down מִןהָֿהָר הַיֹּרֵד הַנַּחַל Deuteronomy 9:21, compare Joshua 3:13 (followed by מִלְמָ֑עָלָה), 3:16; followed by הָעֲרָבָה עַליַֿם 3:16; עַלהָֿעֲרָבָה Ezekiel 47:8; followed by מִן 47:1. c. tears, עֵינָ֑י יָָֽרְדוּ מַּלְגֵימַֿיִם Psalm 119:36, and so Lamentations 3:48; also מַיִם יֹרְדָה עֵינִי 1:16, and so Jeremiah 9:17; 13:17; 14:17 (compare also Isaiah 15:3, 1j). d. of oil descending upon (על) beard, etc. Psalm 133:2 (twice in verse). e. of shadow on dial 2 Kings 20:11 = Isaiah 38:8 (twice in verse). f. of boundary going down (from or to a place) Joshua 16:3 (JE), elsewhere P, Numbers 34:11 (twice in verse); 34:12; Joshua 15:10; 16:7; 17:9; 18:13, 16. g. come down, absolute of headdresses, in sign of humiliation Jeremiah 13:18. h. pride of power Ezekiel 30:6. i. of calamity י ׳מֵאֵת Micah 1:12; יֵרֵד חֲמָסוֺ עַלדְֿקְדוֺ Psalm 7:17; of sword descending on (על) Edom Isaiah 34:5. j. figurative of words of talebearer; חַדְרֵיבָּֿ֑טֶן יָרְדוּ Proverbs 18:8 = 26:22. — See also above 1k. Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הוֺרִד 2 Kings 16:17; וְהוֺרִיד consecutive Amos 3:11 (We וְהוּרַד); 2 masculine singular וְהוֺרַדְתָּ֫ 1 Kings 2:9; 2feminine singular suffix הוֺרַדְתֵּנִי Joshua 2:18 (see Baern. and Köi. 412); הוֺרִידוּ 1 Samuel 6:15; Lamentations 2:10 etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיּוֺרֶד Judges 7:5 5t. (+ 1 Kings 6:32 Klo, who reads וַיֹּרֶד for וַיָּרֶד, see רדד); suffix יוֺרִידֵנִי Obadiah 3; יוֺרִדֵהוּ 1 Samuel 30:16; 1 Kings 17:23; וַיֹּרִדֵם 18:40; 2masculine singular תּוֺרֵד וְלֹא 2:6; suffix (הֲ)תוֺרִדֵנִי 1 Samuel 30:15, תּוֺרִדֵם Psalm 55:24 etc.; Imperative masculine singular הִוֺרֵד Exodus 33:5 2t.; suffix הוֺרִדֵהוּ Ezekiel 32:18; הוֺרִידֵמוֺ Psalm 59:12; feminine singular הוֺרִידִי Lamentations 2:18; masculine plural הוֺרִידוּ Genesis 43:7, 11; suffix הוֺרִדֻהוּ 44:21; Infinitive construct לְהוֺרִיד 37:25; suffix הוֺרִדִי Ezekiel 31:16; Participle מוֺרִיד 1 Samuel 2:6; מֹרִיד 2 Samuel 22:48; — cause to come or go down: 1. a. bring down (to Egypt), with accusative of person + שָׁ֫מָּה Genesis 39:1 (J); + הֵ֫נָּה 45:13 (E); + אֵלַי 44:21; absolute 43:7; with accusative of thing 43:11; + מִצְרַ֫יְמָה 37:25; absolute 43:22 (all J); from Canaan to desert Deuteronomy 1:25 (followed by אֵלֵינוּ); to (אֶל) Amalekites 1 Samuel 30:15 (twice in verse); absolute 30:16; bring down (object person or thing) אָלהַֿמַּיִם Judges 7:4-5, אֶלנַֿ֫חַל Deuteronomy 21:4; 1 Kings 18:40; יָ֫מָּה 1 Kings 5:23; to Gaza (עַזָּ֫תָה) Judges 16:21; from Jerusalem to Gihon, with עַל (Qr אֶל) 1 Kings 1:33; to valley of Jehosh. (אֶל) Joel 4:2; from (מִן) temple (to king's house) 2 Kings 11:19 2 Chronicles 23:20; from (מֵעַל) altar 1 Kings 1:53; from (מִן) upper chamber, followed by הַבַּ֫יְתָה 17:23; from (מִן) the heavens Amos 9:2; Edom, from (מִן) nest in rocks Jeremiah 49:16; Obadiah 4; compare of Israel הַשָּׁמַיִם כְּעוֺף Hosea 7:12; with accusative of limit (אֶרֶץ) Obadiah 3; bring down (from Babylon) into (בְּ) ships Isaiah 43:14 (see VB). b. send down rain (הַגֶּשֶׁם) Ezekiel 34:26, compare Joel 2:23; = cause to flow down, object spittle, אֶלזְֿקָנוֺ רִירוֺ וַיּוֺרֶד 1 Samuel 21:14; tears דִּמְעָה כַנַּחל הוֺרִידִי Lamentations 2:18; water-streams מָ֑יִם כַּנְּהָרוֺת וַיּוֺרֶד Psalm 78:16. c. = lay prostrate, prostrate עֻזֵּךְ מִמֵךְ הוֺרִיד Amos 3:11 (where however We reads וְהוּרַד), compare Proverbs 21:22; יוֺשְׁבִים כַּאבִּיר וְאוֺרִיד Isaiah 10:13; of God's casting down peoples Psalm 56:8; Isaiah 63:6 (followed by לָאָרֶץ); תַּחְתֵּנוּ עַמִּים מוֺרִיד 2 Samuel 22:48 (וַּיַּדְבֵּר in "" Psalm 18:48); so perhaps Babylonians, like lambs, לִטְבֿוֺחַ Jeremiah 51:40; so Psalm 59:12 (si vera lectio; וַהֲנִידֵמוֺ ᵑ6 make them vagabonds, see LagProph. Chald. (1872), xlviii. VB Hup Now Che Bae Dr2 Samuel 15:20). d. bring down to She'ôl ׳י וַיָּ֑עַל׃ שְׁאוֺל מוֺרִיד וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מֵמִית 1 Samuel 2:6; followed by שְׁא(וֺ)ל also 1 Kings 2:6, 9; followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה (object grey hair) Genesis 42:38; 44:29, 31 (all J); compare Ezekiel 26:30; Ezekiel 31:16; 32:18; followed by שַׁחַת לִבְאֵר Psalm 55:24; לַשַּׁחַת 28:8. 2 take down (from cart) 1 Samuel 6:15; the sea from upon (מֵעַל) the brazen oxen 2 Kings 16:17; corpse from (מִן) tree Joshua 8:29, and (מֵעַל) 10:27 (both J E); the מִשְׁכָּן Numbers 1:51 (P); the מָּרֹכֶת 4:5 (P); take off ornaments מֵעָלֶיךָ Exodus 33:5 (JE). 3 let down עַליָֿדָהּ כַּדָּהּ וַתֹּ֫רֶד Genesis 24:18, so, with מֵעָלֶיהָ 24:46, to give one a drink; אָ֑רְצָה אֶתאַֿמְתַּחְתוֺ אִישׁ וַיּוֺרִדוּ 44:11 (all J); object person Joshua 2:18, הַחַלּוֺן בְּעַד בַּחֶבֶל 2:15 (both J E); הַחַלּוֺן בְּעַד 1 Samuel 19:12; compare also יְרוּשָׁלִַם בְּתוּלֹת ראֹשָׁן לָאָרֶץ הוֺרִידוּ Lamentations 2:10 the virgins of Jerusalem have bowed down their heads to the ground. Hoph`al Perfect הוּרַד Genesis 39:1-2t. + 1 Samuel 30:34 Kt (Qr Qal Participle); וְהוּרַד consecutive Zechariah 10:11; 2masculine singular וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ezekiel 31:18; Imperfect2masculine singular תּוּרַד Isaiah 14:15; — 1 be brought down מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Genesis 39:1 (J); בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1 Samuel 30:24 Kt (see above); to She'ôl גְּאוֺנֶ֖ךָ שְׁאוֺל הוּרַד Isaiah 14:11 (of king of Babylon); אֶליַֿרְכְּתֵיבֿוֺר תּוּרַד אֶלשְֿׁאוֺל 14:15; תַּחְתִּית אֶלאֶֿרֶץ וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ezekiel 31:18; אַשּׁוּר גְּאוֺן וְהוּרַד Zechariah 10:11. — In Amos 3:11 We reads ממך וְהוּרַד (see Hiph`il above) 2 be taken down, of the מִשְׁכָּן Numbers 10:17 (P). |