Lexical Summary heōs: till, until Original Word: ἕωςTransliteration: heōs Phonetic Spelling: (heh'-oce) Part of Speech: Adverb Short Definition: till, until Meaning: till, until Strong's Concordance even, as far as, how long, until, while. Of uncertain affinity; a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place) -- even (until, unto), (as) far (as), how long, (un-)til(-l), (hither-, un-, up) to, while(-s). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 2193: ἕωςἕως, a particle marking a limit, and I. as a conjunction signifying 1. the temporal terminus ad quem, till, until (Latindonee,usquedum); as in the best writings a. with an preterite indicative, where something is spoken of which continued up to a certain time: Matthew 2:9 (ἕως ... ἔστη (ἐστάθη L T Tr WH)); b. with ἄν and the aorist subjunctive (equivalent to the Latin future perfect), where it is left doubtful when that will take place till which it is said a thing will continue (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 42, 5): ἴσθι ἐκεῖ, ἕως ἄν εἴπω σοι, Matthew 2:13; add, c. more rarely used with the present indicative where the aorist subjunctive might have been expected (Winers Grammar, as above; Buttmann, 231 (199)): so four times ἕως ἔρχομαι, Luke 19:13 (where L T Tr WH ἐν ᾧ for ἕως, but cf. Bleek at the passage); John 21:22; 1 Timothy 4:13; ἕως ἀπολύει, Mark 6:45 L T Tr WH, for R G ἀπολύσῃ (the indicative being due to a blending of direct and indirect discourse; as in Plutarch, Lycurgus 29, 3 δεῖν οὖν ἐκείνους ἐμμένειν τοῖς καθεστωσι νόμοις ... ἕως ἐπανεισιν). d. once with the future indicative, according to an improbable reading in Luke 13:35: ἕως ἥξει Tdf., ἕως ἄν ἥξει Lachmann, for R G ἕως ἄν ἥξῃ; (but WH (omitting ἄν ἥξῃ ὅτε) read ἕως εἴπητε; Tr omits ἄν and brackets ἥξῃ ὅτε; cf. Buttmann, 231f (199f)). 2. as in Greek writings from Homer down, as long as, while, followed by the indicative in all tenses — in the N. T. only in the present: ἕως ἡμέρα ἐστιν, John 9:4 (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading ὡς); ἕως (L T Tr WH ὡς) τό φῶς ἔχετε, John 12:35f (ἕως ἔτι φῶς ἐστιν, Plato, Phaedo, p. 89 c.); (Mark 6:45 (cf. c. above)). II. By a usage chiefly later it gets the force of an adverb, Latinusquead; and 1. used of a temporal terminus ad quem, until (unto); a. like a preposition, with a genitive of time (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6; Buttmann, 319 (274)): ἕως αἰῶνος, Luke 1:55 Griesbach (Ezekiel 25:15 Alex.; 1 Chronicles 17:16; Sir. 16:26, Fritzsche; b. with the genitive of the neuter relative pronoun οὗ or ὅτου it gets the force of a conjunction, until, till (the time when); α. ἕως οὗ (first in Herodotus 2, 143; but after that only in later authors, as Plutarch, et al. (Winers Grammar, 296 (278) note; Buttmann, 230f (199))): followed by the indicative, Matthew 1:25 (WH brackets οὗ); c. before adverbs of time (rarely so in the earlier and more elegant writings, as ἕως ὀψέ, Thucydides 3, 108; (cf. Winers Grammar, § 54, 6 at the end; Buttmann, 320 (275))): ἕως ἄρτι, up to this time, until now (Vig. ed. Herm., p. 388), Matthew 11:12; John 2:10; John 5:17; John 16:24; 1 John 2:9; 1 Corinthians 4:13; 1 Corinthians 8:7; 1 Corinthians 15:6; ἕως πότε; how long? Matthew 17:17; Mark 9:19; Luke 9:41; John 10:24; Revelation 6:10 (Psalm 12:2f ( 2. according to a usage dating from Aristotle down, employed of the localterminus ad quem, unto, as far as, even to; a. like a preposition, with a genitive of place (Winers Grammar, § 54, 6; Buttmann, 319 (274)): ἕως ᾅδου, ἕως τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, Matthew 11:23; Luke 10:15; add, Matthew 24:31; Matthew 26:58; Mark 13:27; Luke 2:15; Luke 4:29; Acts 1:8; Acts 11:19, 22; Acts 17:15; Acts 23:23; 2 Corinthians 12:2; with the genitive of person, to the place where one is: Luke 4:42; Acts 9:38 (ἕως ὑπερβορεων, Aelian v. h. 3, 18). b. with adverbs of place (Winers Grammar, and Buttmann, as in c. above): ἕως ἄνω, John 2:7; ἕως ἔσω, Mark 14:54; ἕως κάτω, Matthew 27:51; Mark 15:38; ἕως ὧδε, Luke 23:5 (cf. Winers Grammar, § 66, 1 c.). c. with prepositions: ἕως ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, Acts 21:5; ἕως εἰς, Luke 24:50 (R G L marginal reading, but L text T Tr WH ἕως πρός as far as to (Polybius 3, 82, 6; 12, 17, 4; Genesis 38:1)); Polybius 1:11, 14; Aelian v. h. 12, 22. 3. of the limit (terminus)of quantity; with an adverb of number: ἕως ἑπτάκις, Matthew 18:21; with numerals: Matthew 22:26 (ἕως τῶν ἑπτά); cf. Matthew 20:8; John 8:9 (Rec.); Acts 8:10; Hebrews 8:11; οὐκ ἐστιν ἕως ἑνός, there is not so much as one, Romans 3:12 from Psalm 13:1 4. of the limit of measurement: ἕως ἡμίσους, Mark 6:23; Esther 5:3, 6 Alex. 5. of the end or limit in acting and suffering: ἕως τούτου, Luke 22:51 (see ἐάω, 2); ἕως τοῦ θερισμοῦ, Matthew 13:30 L Tr WH text; ἕως θανάτου, even to death, so that I almost die, Mark 14:34; Matthew 26:38 (Sir. 4:28 Sir. 31:13 (Sir. 34:13); STRONGS NT 2193a: ζ [ζ Zeta, on its substitution for sigma ς see Sigma.] |